Lezi zinombolo eziphelele ezithakazelisayo zadonsa ukunaka kwabahleli be-C&EN

Ucwaningo lwekhemistri oluhamba phambili lwango-2022, ngezinombolo

Lezi zinombolo eziphelele ezithakazelisayo zadonsa ukunaka kwabahleli be-C&EN

nguUCorinna Wu

77 mA h/g

Umthamo wokushaja we-I-electrode yebhethri ye-lithium-ion ephrintiwe nge-3D, ephakeme ngokuphindwe kathathu kune-electrode eyenziwe ngendlela evamile. Indlela yokunyathelisa ye-3D ivumelanisa ama-nanoflakes e-graphite ezintweni ukuze ithuthukise ukugeleza kwama-ion e-lithium ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-electrode (ucwaningo lubikwe emhlanganweni we-ACS Spring 2022).

Ikhredithi: I-anode yebhethri ephrintiwe nge-3D ye-Soyeon Park

 

Ukugoqwa okungu-38

Ukwanda komsebenzi we-i-enzyme entsha eyenziwe ngobunjiniyelalokho kwehlisa i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) uma kuqhathaniswa nama-PETase angaphambilini. I-enzyme yahlukanisa amasampula e-PET angu-51 ahlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kusukela emahoreni kuya emavikini (Imvelo2022, DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-04599-z).

 

Ikhredithi: Hal Alper I-PETase iphula isitsha se-cookie sepulasitiki.

 

24.4%

Ukusebenza kahle kwe-iseli lelanga le-perovskitekwabikwa ngo-2022, kubeka irekhodi lama-photovoltaic athambile e-flexible thin-film. Ukusebenza kahle kweseli le-tandem ekuguquleni ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi kudlula umnikazi werekhodi wangaphambilini ngamaphuzu angu-3% futhi kungamelana nokugoba okungu-10,000 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ekusebenzeni (Amandla e-Nat2022, DOI:10.1038/s41560-022-01045-2).

Izikhathi eziyi-100

Izinga lokuthiidivayisi ye-electrodialysisibamba i-carbon dioxide uma iqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zamanje zokubamba i-carbon. Abacwaningi babale ukuthi uhlelo olukhulu olungabamba amathani ayi-1,000 e-CO2 ngehora luzobiza u-$145 ngethani ngalinye, ngaphansi komgomo wezindleko zoMnyango Wezamandla ongu-$200 ngethani ngalinye lobuchwepheshe bokususa i-carbon (Imvelo Yamandla. Isayensi.2022, DOI:10.1039/d1ee03018c).

 

Isikweletu: Meenesh Singh Idivayisi ye-electrodialysis yokubamba i-carbon

 

 

Ikhredithi: Isayensi I-membrane ihlukanisa ama-molecule e-hydrocarbon ku-oyili oluhlaza olula.

80-95%

Amaphesenti ama-molecule e-hydrocarbon angangephethiloli avunyelwe nge-aulwelwesi lwe-polymer. I-membrane ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezimo ezinzima futhi inganikeza indlela engadingi amandla amaningi yokuhlukanisa uphethiloli ku-oyili oluhlaza olula (Isayensi2022, DOI:10.1126/science.abm7686).

3.8 billion

Eminyakeni eminingi edlule lapho umsebenzi we-tectonic wepuleti loMhlaba cishe waqala khona, ngokusho kwe-anukuhlaziywa kwe-isotopic kwamakristalu e-zirconokwakwakheka ngaleso sikhathi. Amakristalu, aqoqwe esihlabathini samatshe eNingizimu Afrika, abonisa izimpawu ezifana nezakhiwe ezindaweni ezingaphansi, kanti amakristalu amadala awanjalo (U-Adv. we-AGU.2022, DOI:10.1029/2021AV000520).

 

Isikweletu: Nadja Drabon Amakristalu e-zircon asendulo

 

Iminyaka engama-40

Isikhathi esidlulile phakathi kokwenziwa kwe-ligand ye-Cp* ephefumulayo kanye nokudalwa kwayoinkimbinkimbi yokuqala yokuxhumanisaYonke imizamo yangaphambilini yokuxhumanisa i-ligand, [C5(CF3)5]−, yehlulekile ngoba amaqembu ayo e-CF3 akhipha ama-electron kakhulu (I-Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2022, DOI:10.1002/anie.202211147).

1,080

Inani lezingxenye zikashukela kui-polysaccharide ende kakhulu futhi enkulu kunazo zonkei-molecule ephula amarekhodi yenziwe yi-synthesizer yesigaba sesisombululo ezenzakalelayo (I-Nat. Synth.2022, DOI:10.1038/s44160-022-00171-9).

 

Ikhredithi: I-Xin-Shan Ye i-synthesizer ye-polysaccharide ezenzakalelayo

 

97.9%

Amaphesenti okukhanya kwelanga aboniswa yi-upende omhlophe kakhuluequkethe ama-nanoplatelets e-boron nitride anezinhlangothi eziyisithupha. Ungqimba lopende oluyi-150 µm ubukhulu lungapholisa indawo ngo-5–6 °C elangeni eliqondile futhi lungasiza ekunciphiseni amandla adingekayo ukugcina izindiza nezimoto zipholile (Isazi Sesayensi Seseli.2022, DOI:10.1016/j.xcrp.2022.101058).

 

Isikweletu:Isazi Sesayensi Seseli.

Ama-nanoplatelet e-boron nitride ane-hexagonal

90%

Ukwehla kwamaphesenti kuUkutheleleka kwe-SARS-CoV-2kungakapheli imizuzu engama-20 igciwane lihlangane nomoya wangaphakathi. Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila kwegciwane le-COVID-19 sithinteka kakhulu yizinguquko zomswakama ohlobene (I-Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA2022, DOI:10.1073/pnas.2200109119).

 

Ikhredithi: Ngomusa kaHenry P. Oswin Amaconsi amabili e-aerosol ezindaweni ezihlukene zomswakama